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	<description>My understanding about some nice mathematical Topics</description>
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		<title>Números p-adicos</title>
		<link>http://leftexact.wordpress.com/2009/10/18/numeros-p-adicos/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 18 Oct 2009 23:22:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>yoyontzin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[1.- Conceptos básicos Sea un número primo, que consideraremos fijo durante toda la discusión. Los números $\latex p-$adicos son las expresiones de la forma: en donde es un número en el conjunto y es un entero. Estas expresiones forman un campo con las operaciones de suma +, y producto * definidas de la forma obvia. [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=leftexact.wordpress.com&amp;blog=6877647&amp;post=21&amp;subd=leftexact&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>1.- Conceptos básicos</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Sea <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=p&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='p' title='p' class='latex' /> un número primo, que consideraremos fijo durante toda la discusión.  Los números $\latex p-$adicos son las expresiones de la forma:<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_mp%5Ep%2Ba_%7Bm%2B1%7Dp%5E%7Bm%2B1%7D%2B%5Ccdots%2C&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='a_mp^p+a_{m+1}p^{m+1}+&#92;cdots,' title='a_mp^p+a_{m+1}p^{m+1}+&#92;cdots,' class='latex' /><br />
en donde <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_i&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='a_i' title='a_i' class='latex' /> es un número en el conjunto <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5C%7B0%2C1%2C%5Cldots%2Cp-1%5C%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='&#92;{0,1,&#92;ldots,p-1&#92;}' title='&#92;{0,1,&#92;ldots,p-1&#92;}' class='latex' /> y <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=m&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='m' title='m' class='latex' /> es un entero.</p>
<p>Estas expresiones forman un campo con las operaciones de suma +, y producto * definidas de la forma obvia.  Este campo contiene al conjunto de los números enteros <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmathbb+Z&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='&#92;mathbb Z' title='&#92;mathbb Z' class='latex' /> escribiendo <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n%3D+a_0+%2Ba_1p+%2B%5Ccdots+%2Ba_r%5Er&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='n= a_0 +a_1p +&#92;cdots +a_r^r' title='n= a_0 +a_1p +&#92;cdots +a_r^r' class='latex' /> que es la expresión de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='n' title='n' class='latex' /> en base <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=p&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='p' title='p' class='latex' />. Por ejemplo tenemos que<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=-1+%3D+%28p-1%29+%2B+%28p-1%29p+%2B+%28p-1%29p%5E2+%2B%5Ccdots+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='-1 = (p-1) + (p-1)p + (p-1)p^2 +&#92;cdots ' title='-1 = (p-1) + (p-1)p + (p-1)p^2 +&#92;cdots ' class='latex' /></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Una manera equivalente de definir al campo $latez Q_p$ de números $\latex p$-adicos es como la complementación de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=Q&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='Q' title='Q' class='latex' /> bajo la métrica <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=p-&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='p-' title='p-' class='latex' />adica determinada por la norma<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%7C%5C+%7C_p%3AQ%5Cto+%5Cmathbb+R%5E%2B&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='|&#92; |_p:Q&#92;to &#92;mathbb R^+' title='|&#92; |_p:Q&#92;to &#92;mathbb R^+' class='latex' /> (a los reales no negativos) definida como:<br />
<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%7C%5Cfrac+ab%7C_p+%3D+p%5E%7B%5Ctext%7Bord%7D_p+b-%5Ctext%7Bord%7D_p+a%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='|&#92;frac ab|_p = p^{&#92;text{ord}_p b-&#92;text{ord}_p a}' title='|&#92;frac ab|_p = p^{&#92;text{ord}_p b-&#92;text{ord}_p a}' class='latex' /></p>
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		<title>Invariant Subspace</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2009 20:34:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>yoyontzin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linear Algebra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Math Problems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[indiana]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Let be a vector space of dimension at least 3 and let . Prove that there is a non-zero subspace of , such that . Posted in Linear Algebra, Math Problems Tagged: indiana, Linear Algebra<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=leftexact.wordpress.com&amp;blog=6877647&amp;post=4&amp;subd=leftexact&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='V ' title='V ' class='latex' /> be a vector space of dimension at least 3 and let <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=T%5Cin+End_%5Cmathbb+R+%28V%29+&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='T&#92;in End_&#92;mathbb R (V) ' title='T&#92;in End_&#92;mathbb R (V) ' class='latex' />. Prove that there is a non-zero subspace <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=W&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='W' title='W' class='latex' /> of <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V%2C++W+%5Cne+V&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='V,  W &#92;ne V' title='V,  W &#92;ne V' class='latex' />, such that <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=T%28W%29+%5Csubset+W&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='T(W) &#92;subset W' title='T(W) &#92;subset W' class='latex' />.</p>
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